Check for omxh264dec. It is built with --enable-gstreamer=1. Jul 20, 2012 · gstreamer-0. 0. So i downloaded libvlc and managed to run video with Mar 4, 2020 · The version of ffmpeg available from apt now has hardware codecs so you can just install that using: apt install ffmpeg. Currently, I use the " videoconvert Sep 26, 2021 · website builder. For HW en To Stream The Video From the Raspberry Pi. 5. 0 as well as gst-omx have been successfully installed and this example pipeline runs like a charm: gst-launch-1. Also, if you run Applications -> Settings -> RPi Config Tool, and hover over the GPU memory dropdown menu, the tooltip help will tell you that you need at least 96MiB allocated for the codecs to run correctly. 0 -vvv souphttpsrc location="http://localhost:9082/bysid/10301" is-live=true keep-alive=true do-timestamp=true retries=10 typefind=true Now we will get into the main focus of this tutorial, gStreamer. 0:9999. !default { type asym playback. It actually Code: Select all. 0 - e -vvvv fdsrc ! h264parse ! rtph24pay pt=96 config-interval=1 ! udpsink host=External_IP port=5000 External server Jan 25, 2023 · Hardware and peripherals Camera board Compute Module Official Display HATs and other add-ons Device Tree Interfacing (DSI, CSI, I2C, etc. 11 and try to build my video application (based on QWidgets and QMediaPlayer) on Raspbian "buster" but hardware acceleration does not work. ) The version of VLC should be 2. alsa_sink { type plug slave {pcm "alsa_loopback"} route_policy Feb 28, 2022 · gstreamer convert mjpeg to h264. Jun 20, 2015 · Hello! Let me preface this thread by saying I am a novice Gstreamer user. For HW en Aug 22, 2020 · Currently, FFmpeg only supports HW decoding for rockchips, not encoding. Oct 11, 2019 · Hardware acceleration in Rpi B and Qt. Clone all sources listed in bblayers. Check your kernel logs for errors. conf Raspberry Pi devices (Pi 4B+ and earlier: this does not apply to the Pi 5, which does not provide hardware h264 decoding, and does not need it) work best with hardware GPU h264 video decoding if the Video4Linux2 plugin in GStreamer v1. 0 libraries in Raspberry Pi which supposedly tap into the video hardware for decoding/encoding, but libwebkit in RPi is compiled to use GStreamer-0. 4 kernel for video tasks. com Apr 11, 2018 · Color format conversion is required to transfer video frames from Gstreamer to OpenCV and back. 0*. Oct 6, 2021 · VAAPI (Video Acceleration API): Initially designed by Intel in 2007, targeted at the X Window System on Unix-based operating systems, now open-source. ben80 27 Sep 2014, 02:35. I think many people would like to test new stuff from gstreamer 1. Raspberry Pi B v. Best pixel sensor : 1080p. For HW en Code: Select all. deb). (I tried some encoded in 128kb), got a lot of noise. Sensa Headphone Connected to D-Link DIR-825 with a 1m network cable. x or earlier has been patched (see the UxPlay Wiki for patches). raspivid -n -fl -t 0 -w 1920 -h 1080 -fps 30 -o -l tcp://0. 10: "The last gst-omx release, 1. 7a) and cable. mp4 ! qtdemux ! h264parse ! omxh264dec ! autovideosink. 264 via libx264, and it's not loading the omx hardware decoding libraries. ) I am trying to compile and install the latest version of VLC with Hardware Acceleration enabled on a Raspberry Pi 3 / Raspbian Jessie platform. Oct 21, 2023 · Therefore, this article aims to share pivotal GStreamer commands for sending and receiving video on the Raspberry Pi 4. This module has been merged into the main GStreamer repo for further development. 1 Gstreamer 1. Code: Select all. org Nov 20, 2018 · Raspberry Pi TV Hat DVB-T2 Gateway (Tvheadend with FFmpeg and realtime hardware video stream transcoding) Tue Nov 20, 2018 4:23 pm This is a very-very short installation manual that gives 100% working result. Stream directly music on my phone. May 6, 2019 · I wanted to update this forum that the issue is resolved . g This is for example possible on the Raspberry Pi. $ sudo apt-get install gstreamer1. Dec 19, 2017 · Hardware acceleration of video is now working on my Raspberry Pi 3 with Raspbian Stretch! gkreidl, thank you very much! I compiled the Gstreamer Bad plugin (gst-plugins-bad1. Sep 7, 2021 · 本記事では、Raspberry PiとGStreamerを使って、Webカメラ映像を配信する方法について解説します。初期設定やインストール方法、配信のための設定手順などを紹介し、最終的にはWindowsからの接続確認まで行います。GStreamerの概要についても簡単にまとめました。 Apr 9, 2021 · i want to use v4l2h264enc or omxh264enc for Hardware Acceleration, so use the example code "gstreamer-send gst. $ sudo apt-get update. I tried: <pre>gst-launch-1. - GitHub - GStreamer/gstreamer-vaapi: Hardware-accelerated video decoding, encoding and processing on Intel graphics through VA-API. After restarting the web browser, you can refresh chrome://gpu and you will get Fig. BOOK NOW. Only one thing I found is example of pipeline which do not use HW acceleration. Hardware & Software. e. 0 and don't what to recompile it on raspberry pi. Change YOUR_RPI_IP_ADDRESS to be the IP address of your RPI. On many github issues one finds the suggestion of using h264_omx codec to use the gpu - but it does not ship with the default ffmpeg on Raspbian. avdec_hevc_rpi is likely to be a wrapper over FFMpeg's avdec API. 0. I reinstalled the entire PI (re flashed) and then compiled OpenCV with GStreamer support. 2012-10-28-wheezy-raspbian. Enter this on the command lne: raspivid -t 0 -h 720 -w 1080 -fps 25 -hf -b 2000000 -o - | gst-launch-1. 264 decoding in ffmpeg? Fri Feb 21, 2020 10:48 am I can answer how to use gstreamer pipeline with hardware acceleration, use this: Dec 21, 2020 · AFAIK GStreamer doesn't have a native component that supports the V4L2 stateless codec API that is used by the HEVC block, and more so as the HEVC support hasn't been merged into the mainline Linux kernel as yet. It was about time to get a new one out with all the improvements that have happened in the meantime. See below example. H264=enabled. I am using the following gstreamer pipeline but it does not produce a playable mp4 file: Code: Select all. Jul 15, 2023 · Re: streaming to youtube with a rpi4b and a rpicammodv3 using gstreamer with HW acceleration Sat Jul 15, 2023 3:28 pm videoconvert and x264enc are both software stages. 4a: Chromium flags - Setting flags to activate the Hardware Acceleration (old Raspbian/Raspberry Pi OS). Environment Setup Streaming Device: Raspberry Pi 4 I'm working on a project where we stream video from one Pi 3B+ to another. and then install DK Player Code: Select all. Acceleration on mainline kernel is a work in progress, so I still recommend the legacy 4. ラズパイ Mar 7, 2012 · I don't know about ffmpeg/ffplay specifically, but using "real" KMS I have been able to use gstreamer (with v4l2h264dec and kmssink) to do hardware accelerated video playback, getting substantially better performance than you observe with other options (but not as good as omxplayer). Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix (VDPAU) is an open source library and API to offload portions of the video decoding process and video post-processing to the GPU video-hardware, developed by NVIDIA. 0-1. Sep 13, 2017 · Re: gstreamer-omx not working on Stretch. Build image. I would like to decode H. demouser@pi64 ~ $ vcgencmd codec_enabled H264. gStreamer is a multimedia tool that connects a sequence of elements through a pipeline. 0 -vvv \. alsa_sink { type plug slave {pcm "alsa_loopback"} route_policy Feb 4, 2014 · 1. QtQuick uses hardware acceleration on the raspberry. Gstreamer and Raspberry Pi 5. Apr 16, 2024 · Using Raspberry Pi Camera with ffmpeg. 2 Plug to a Nexus S Charger (0. 0 according to about:buildconfig, and it's clearly using gstreamer-1. 0-omx-rpi_1. Earlier on intel motherboards i used gstreamer plugin and everything was fine. Result : Multiple instance of application (uses v4l2h264dec for hardware decoding) can be launched. 5. So, currently i had to compile Vlc with hardware acceleration May 5, 2013 · Hi all, Is anyone working on bringing hardware acceleration to web videos on RPi? There are already GStreamer-1. ts file with gstreamer straight on a RPi. It looks like GStreamer has changed to passing GL buffers around wherever it can. Raspberry Pi 3 (1,2 GHz quad-core ARM) with HDMI Display IP camera: LAN connected, RTSP, H264 codec, 1280x720 resolution, 20 fps, 1 GOP, 2500 kB/s VBR bitrate (parameters can be changed). pcm "alsa_sink" capture. The V4L2 driver can deliver about 12 formats, including YUV420, RGB888, BGR888, H264 encoded (with the hardware acceleration), MJPEG (again hardware accelerated), and YUYV (4 flavours thereof May 3, 2019 · After running this same command after hardware acceleration at 480p30fps and 720p30fps they working fine but same command at 1080p 30fps frame skipping problem and also in video bottom line appeared as green. 101 s=Session streamed with GStreamer i=rtsp-server t=0 0 a=tool:GStreamer a=type:broadcast a=control:* a=range:npt=now- m May 16, 2016 · I'm able to get the stream from the Raspberry Pi and stream it with Gstreamer to an external server like this: Raspberry Pi: raspivid -n -t 0 -rot 270 -w 960 -h 720 -fps 30 -b 2000000 -o - | gst-launch-1. And hw acceleration from openMax is really nice. I seem to remember some reference to gstreamer having a OpenM Nov 10, 2022 · 今後は不安定要因を追求するか、別バージョンのGStreamerでなんとかならないか確認したい。 Bullseye 64bit版でもaptでインストールできるGStreamerライブラリやで追加のアプリケーションでRTSPサーバとして使えそう。今後は別バージョンのGStreamerも確認したい。 Dec 26, 2017 · Code: Select all. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. But this creates a substantial CPU Load as this is SW encoding. [edited based on feedback in replies] Types of video acceleration: drawing 2D graphics (filling and blitting and GUI stuff) Hardware-accelerated video decode (only available on the new versions of Raspberry Pi OS) and change those settings to Enabled (see Fig. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Thank you Code: Select all. alsa_sink { type plug slave {pcm "alsa_loopback"} route_policy Code: Select all. Currently this pipeline uses between 80-100% of 1 core of my RPi 4's CPU. Dec 10, 2023 · Hardware and peripherals. $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gstreamer-developers/ppa. Hello, I am trying to find a way to cut a video file (h264/mp4), on a Raspberry Pi 4B, using Gstreamer and hardware acceleration. 0 according to lsof. Size : 25mm x 24mm x 22mm. 6MM ( adjustable) FOV (Diagonal): 60 degrees. 8. Hellow. I tried Gstreamer Editing Services (package ges-tools): you can reproduce following these two steps: Aug 6, 2021 · This sticky post is an attempt to summarize the state of video acceleration on the Raspberry Pi line. Apr 13, 2015 · AFAIK H264 only works on YUV4:2:0 data, never RGB. 3. It is agnostic to the specific input format, so doesn't care on exactly the pixel layout of the image. 101 port 8554 [rtsp @ 0x14b90e9c0] SDP: v=0 o=- 6442520168582316089 1 IN IP4 192. 3 posts • Page 1 of 1. 111 port=5000. jsでSkyWayを動かしてみる. This works fine with jpegenc. 0 -v filesrc location=h264_720p_hp_5. Now, i obviously need the gst-omx plugin for the raspberry pi (according to https://qt-project. , so it may be possible for gstreamer to be accelerated - check the forums. 0 in Raspbian Jessie on a Raspberry Pi 2 Model B. カメラを付けたラズパイを、GStreamerとNodejsでストリーミングサーバにします。 更に、CORSを設定し別のWEBサーバでもストリーミングデータが利用できるようにします。 環境. 264 data encoding/decoding on Raspberry pi using hardware acceleration. The following scenario works flawlessly: Webcam attached to the PI and streaming to my Windows 7 PC: Sender: raspivid -n -t 0 -w 1280 -h 720 -fps 50 -b 2000000 -o - | gst-launch-1. 1 ! Sorry if this is the wrong part of the forum, I ended up here from trying to use the omx modefules first and seeing that v4l2 should be used. I'm trying to use GStreamer to decode Jun 1, 2021 · 1. I'm trying to encode a v4l2 video input to JPEG with the help of Gstreamer. 0 -vvv souphttpsrc location="http://localhost:9082/bysid/10301" is-live=true keep-alive=true do-timestamp=true retries=10 typefind=true Nov 27, 2018 · Raspberry Pi night vision camera , compatible with Raspberry Pi 3B+/3/2 5 million pixel OV5647 camera. OMXPlayer) and the MMAL API (i. The Pi's are connected via 1gb/s ethernet. Benchmarks say yes — if you pick the right one. 0, was in July 2014. Camera board. 2. RESULTS IN RASPBERRYPI 3B+ MODEL(1 GB): I used this pipeline after hardware acceleration in rpi3b+. Dec 20, 2013 · I want to test raw/h. All, 1. May 22, 2024 · Q&A for users and developers of hardware and software for Raspberry Pi Mar 9, 2021 · NVIDIA Video Codec SDK is a NVIDIA proprietary library for hardware-accelerated video decode/encode on CUDA-compatible GPUs. Mon Feb 28, 2022 5:39 am. Focal length (Focal Length): 3. OpenCV uses the RGB/BGR/GRAY formats (without alpha channel) and cannot work with the RGBA. 0 -vvv souphttpsrc location="http://localhost:9082/bysid/10301" is-live=true keep-alive=true do-timestamp=true retries=10 typefind=true Dec 1, 2012 · from the release notes for 1. I seem to remember some reference to gstreamer having a OpenMAX (the Raspi's API for video and similar stuff). Use a V4L M2M based API/method to use the H264 HW codec in the chip. 10, which does not use hardware acceleration. Well, I've been playing with Wheezy, trying a few things intended to be some custom video playback logic. It had worked flawl Oct 29, 2019 · Code: Select all. It had worked flawless, with good speed and quality - I'm impressed how fast the Pi can encode the video with hardware acceleration. gst-inspect-1. 0 -v fdsrc ! h264parse ! rtph264pay config-interval=1 pt=96 ! gdppay ! tcpserversink host=YOUR_RPI_IP_ADDRESS port=5000. Dec 23, 2019 · Raspberry Pi + Node. AMD AMF. sudo apt-get install [name of stuff you Sep 22, 2019 · so after few month i try to re-Build an image with Mesa VC4 driver, weston and wpebackend-fdo for Raspberry pi 4 with Zeus Branch now the cpu is arround 11% but i have a issue with HD and Full-HD video i have a red layer on video with Gstreamer or With Webkit ( COG ). It is currently not limited to Intel GPUs as other manufacturers are free to use this API, for example, Imagination Technologies or S3 Graphics. OS Raspbian Stretch Python 3. [tcp @ 0x600003bbca20] Starting connection attempt to 192. alsa_sink { type plug slave {pcm "alsa_loopback"} route_policy Oct 16, 2023 · Thanks for contributing an answer to Raspberry Pi Stack Exchange! Please be sure to answer the question. Task. 92-v7+ armv7l GNU/Linux. For gstreamer I don't know, but for ffmpeg decoding or encoding use/force the codec: h264_v4l2m2m. omxvideoenc can't cope with that. I am using Qt 5. Finally I store encoded data in a file. My pipelines work when using avdec_h264, but when I substitute this for the OpenMAX H. Díaz said: I already managed to compile it adding encoders h264_rkmpp hevc_rkmpp vp8_rkmpp vp9_rkmpp. Mon Nov 21, 2022 9:13 am. ) Raspberry Pi 400 Raspberry Pi Pico General SDK MicroPython Other RP2040 boards; Operating system distributions Raspberry Pi OS Raspberry Pi Desktop for PC and Mac Other Android Debian FreeBSD Gentoo . There are two ways to use the hardware codec - either by using the newer h264_v4l2m2m or the h264_omx OMX based one. 168. USB2 has a theoretical max of 480Mbit/s, but reality is generally significantly lower, so 2 streams at 118Mbit/s is pushing it hard. This starts out at about 450ms latency but after 15 minutes it has become over 1000ms latency Hardware Accelerated x264 Encoding with FFMpeg for $35, Or: Yet Another Reason the Raspberry Pi is Awesome! DISCLAIMER The following tutorial involves compiling packages from source and heavy use of the command line. Good day fellow programmers, I am trying to play a . 0 filesrc location=bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal. mp4 ! qtdemux ! h264parse ! omxh264dec ! autovideosink And get this error: Setting pipeline to PAUSED Aug 23, 2021 · Re: h264 hardware accelerator - how to install for Bullseye/64b. Sep 17, 2012 · Here's the closest solutions I've found: TCP server: Code: Select all. GStreamerのインストール; 構成図. I am capturing raw data from webcam, and gstreamer+openMAX for streaming. 2. gst-launch-1. If your hardware supports OpenGL, your Qt Quick applications get hardware acceleration. pcm "alsa_monitor" } pcm. Gstreamer-1. but, gstreamer 1. Unfortunately , I am not able to point out exactly what made it work. Provide details and share your research! But avoid … Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. On 8/22/2020 at 7:32 AM, Gustavo A. alsa_sink { type plug slave {pcm "alsa_loopback"} route_policy Sep 7, 2021 · 本記事では、Raspberry PiとGStreamerを使って、Webカメラ映像を配信する方法について解説します。初期設定やインストール方法、配信のための設定手順などを紹介し、最終的にはWindowsからの接続確認まで行います。GStreamerの概要についても簡単にまとめました。 I'm trying to encode a v4l2 video input to JPEG with the help of Gstreamer. Aperture (F): 1. 5 OpenCV 4. Tue Dec 12, 2023 10:02 pm . Feb 20, 2024 · I tried also to build an image without Qt and based on a poky distro with GStreamer and core-image-base, but with a similar result. 264 video with gstreamer, taking advantage of hardware acceleration on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model A+. From now on, we will try to release gst-omx together with all other modules. 5-2+rp+patches_armhf. Chromium). Thu Dec 21, 2017 1:52 pm. ##local. 264 Video Decoder, omxh264dec, the pipeline never plays and no window appears. Fig. I don't know about any packages that depend on gstreamer 1. It now also supports Wayland through dmabuf. Mar 8, 2024 · Code: Select all Initialized metal renderer. pcm. Developer Chris Griffith has been doing a little benchmarking of the Raspberry Pi's hardware video encoder — and discovered that a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B could be just the ticket for getting Full HD webcams online over Wi-Fi. UPDATE : The built in FFmpeg now had hardware acceleration built in, so you can skip the compilation, or use my helper script to compile it for you I'm trying to encode a v4l2 video input to JPEG with the help of Gstreamer. 149:9999 with options :network-caching=100 :h264-fps=30. conf up to date with "Kirksone" branch. My pipelines work when using avdec_h264, but when I substitute this for the Hi I'm pretty much novice with programming, but I'd managed to do time lapses. 101 port 8554 [tcp @ 0x600003bbca20] Successfully connected to 192. 0 2. 4. Remotely access to it with ssh. Log In Code: Select all. Camera Module V2 on one end, HDMI on the other. We will now get gStreamer for both the Pi and your Ubuntu. As I understand it, previous versions of the Pi have allowed video acceleration through a legacy implementation (i. 137. Mar 31, 2023 · There are hardware accelerated equivalents in v4l2convert in place of videoscale and videoconvert, v4l2h264enc in place of x264enc, and v4l2h264dec in place of avdec_h264. However, it's not accelerated by the GPU. I am wondering if I can utilize hardware acceleration to streamline this or Jul 20, 2012 · gstreamer-0. FFmpeg does have support for the Pi HEVC decoder, either as a Hello, ( sorry i'm not native english speaker) i want to open a . The Gstreamer " omxh264dec " decoder has the RGBA output color format, " glimagesink " has the RGBA input color format. Pi3 only has a single USB2 port. Apr 11, 2018 · 1. 1. 10 and gstreamer 1. 0 is only version that support gstreamer openMax. $ gst-launch-1. Hello, I would like to convert usb camera mjpeg video stream to h264 video stream on Raspberry PI 3 kernel 5. omxvideodec supports it by stuffing an egl_render into the pipe. Pi with camera: Nov 17, 2020 · Unfortunately, I did not find any solution. Dec 5, 2019 · Compile FFMPEG with Hardware Acceleration If you are just using the raspberry pi camera, or another one with h264 or h265 built in support, you can use the distribution version of ffmpeg instead. My IP camera upload stills to my Rpi3 trough FTP, og Gstreamer encode the video. B. Our pipeline looks like this. On the Nexus S I install BubbleUPnP. sdp file with a software with my Raspberry Pi or a RTP stream http address and to display it in fullscreen : My setup : Raspberry 3 - Raspbian jessie - 128mo GPU memory - 720p rtp stream (without RTSP) - H264 video. Camera specification: Lens : 1/4 5M. when I run this command from pi connected through ssh, using pre-built binaries of gstreamer1. Sep 17, 2012 · 1. You can verify their presence like this: ffmpeg -codecs | grep 'h264_omx\|h264_v4l2m2m'. Create your website today. At present there can be some messing with colorimetry settings to make GStreamer happy in that regard. 0 -e -vvvv fdsrc ! h264parse ! rtph264pay config-interval=1 pt=96 ! udpsink host=192. May 24, 2021 · I'm using this command to send the camera output to a v4l2loopback device (/dev/video3) and it works well but I don't know how or if I can tune the camera: Code: Select all. work together. also a video with FullHd (1080 p) play a bit slowly. I am using this HDMI Capture card and converting its 1280x720 JPEG output to rawvideo to be sent to video mixing software. It's been a struggle, but I've figured out a few things omxplayer show Tue May 16, 2017 5:15 pm. Apr 21, 2017 · as the topic says i am streaming from one Pi to another. Sep 27, 2014 · Using scene graph rendering means you are using OpenGL. I am looking for the files that were pulled down from git but I don't see an obvious version number anywhere. Start Now. However, it seems to be decoding H. Jan 7, 2018 · I'm pretty much novice with programming, but I'd managed to do time lapses. aliexpress. Steps to reproduce the issue: 1. Once I install the gst-omx it comes up in the blacklist for gstreamer and I'm completely stuck as my linux knowledge is very limited so debugging is impossible for me. VLC (GUI network stream) → tcp/h264://192. "The GPU hardware encoder in the Raspberry Pi can greatly speed up Aug 27, 2018 · Re: Raspberry Pi 4 - how to enable hardware-accelerated (gpu) h. 4 from repository) with the flags you wrote above and installed the Gstreamer OMX plugin that you compiled (gstreamer-1. Gstreamer is working fine on the raspberry using the normal plugins, so no hardware acceleration. This release features a lot of bugfixes, improved support for the Raspberry Pi and 1. 0 -vvv souphttpsrc location="http://localhost:9082/bysid/10301" is-live=true keep-alive=true do-timestamp=true retries=10 typefind=true I would like to decode H. 960x540 15fps YUY2 is 960*540*15*16 (bpp) = 118Mbit/s. 10. go",and use v4l2h264enc or omxh264enc instead x264enc in example code,like: pipelineStr = pipelineSrc + " ! v4l2h264enc extra-controls=s,video_bitrate=2000000 ! video/x-h264,profile=constrained-baseline,level=(string)3. I think someone has used OpenCV on the Raspberry so that should be fine. Nov 5, 2021 · Re: Dual V4l2 Gstreamer Camera in Raspberry Pi. For HW en I'm trying to encode a v4l2 video input to JPEG with the help of Gstreamer. Add gstreamer and ffmpeg to image config. Fri Nov 05, 2021 9:55 am. Capturing video from the rpi camera with ffmpeg can vary from less than 5% to 100% of the CPU (rpi zero) depending on ffmpeg using the hardware acceleration or not. OMX is not available anymore in RasPiOS Bullseye. My pipelines work when using avdec_h264, but when I substitute this for the GStreamer is a pipeline-based multimedia GStreamer makes use of hardware acceleration provided by e. 0 --no-position libcamerasrc ! capsfilter caps=video/x-raw,width=1920,height=1080,format=NV12 ! v4l2convert ! v4l2sink device=/dev/video3. 1_6mbps_ac3_planet. 0 omxh264dec confirms that the element is Sep 9, 2019 · I'm trying to understand a bit more about the situation with hardware acceleration on the Raspberry Pi 4, and how it will look in the future. 4a/4b). Please continue to follow up with any corrections or amendments and I'll do my best to keep it updated. ok, sounds good. 20. I'm running Iceweasel 31. pf ep xs vo zm fr rx oq if ve